很多公司都有績效考覈，一年一次或是一年兩次。又到年終，各單位的績效考覈也陸續開始了。那麼，該如何準備績效考覈呢？
Is your performance review just around the corner? There's no need to panic -- but now would be a good time to prepare. 你的績效考覈是不是即將來臨了？沒有必要慌張——但現在就該開始準備了。
Experts offer these tips for making your review go more smoothly: 下面是專家們提供的建議，讓你的考覈進行地更順利：
* Assess what you already know. 評估自己已經知道的
Ideally, you should be checking in regularly with your boss to make sure you're doing what's expected. 理想的情況是，你應該和老闆定期聯絡來確保你做的是老闆期望的。
"The performance evaluation process should start the day you're hired," said Janet Scarborough Civitelli, founder and president of Bridgeway Career Development. "There should not be any big surprises during the actual review." Bridgeway職業發展公司創辦人、主席Janet Scarborough Civitelli說：“工作績效評估應該從你工作的第一天開始。在考覈期間不應該大驚小怪。”
Perhaps you're extra diligent when answering customer calls. You may think you're on track for a stellar performance review -- but your boss could be wondering why each call takes you so long. To avoid misunderstandings like this, make sure you know what the goals are for your job and how your boss measures success. 也許你回答客戶電話十分細心。也許你會認爲自己的.考覈會很出色——可是你的老闆也許會疑惑爲什麼每個電話會花你那麼長時間。要避免這樣的誤解，就得確保自己知道工作的目標和老闆評估成功的方式。
If you haven't been talking to your boss about this, it's not too late. Even in a few weeks, you may be able to improve in some areas if necessary. 如果你一直都沒有和老闆談過這些，現在談還不太遲。就算距離考覈只有幾周的時間，有必要的話，你也許可以在一些方面改善一下。
* Dust off your previous review. 重提上次的考覈
If you had a review at this company a year ago, it probably contains a list of goals. Ideally, you will have been working on these goals this year.
如果去年有過一次績效考覈，大概就會有制定一系列目標。理想的情況下，今年你一直在實現這些目標。
Often, however, you'll realize something has changed. Perhaps a new boss gave you a new direction, or the project you were supposed to focus on got delayed. Richard Phillips, a career coach and owner of Advantage Career Solutions, recommends making sure you have documentation for changes such as these, in case there's a question at review time.
不過往往你會發現事情已經起了變化。也許新老闆給你一個新的工作方向，或你本來要致力的項目被推遲。Advantage Career Solutions的老闆和職業教練 Richard Phillips建議人們一定要記錄下這些變化，以防考覈時出現疑問。
What if your boss never officially told you that your goals had changed, but instead just kept piling on other work so that you weren't able to start the projects you discussed at your last review? It would have been best to bring this up with your boss when it happened.
萬一你的老闆沒有正式通知你的目標已經改變，而只是增加你的工作量，從而使你無法開始上一次考覈定下的項目，這該怎麼辦？最好在當初（老闆安排別的工作時）就提出這個問題。
If you didn't, however, it's important to frame your actions the right way. "Say at review time, 'I made a strategic decision that this needed more of my attention than that,'" Phillips said. "Don't make it sound like you just forgot or you blew it off."
如果沒有，那麼談論你工作的方式就很重要。Phillips建議：“考覈的時候可以這樣說,‘我做出了一個策略上的決定，這寫工作比那項更需要關注’。別讓你的話聽上去像是你忘記了或你辦糟了。”
* Learn how your company works. 瞭解企業的工作方式
At some companies, negative comments on performance reviews are uncommon, so anything that's not glowing is cause for concern. Other companies give every worker areas for improvement. 有些公司的績效考覈一般不會有反面的評價，所以任何不華麗的辭藻你都該考慮一下。另一些公司會給每個員工改進的空間。
"You definitely need to know how the process works at your company," Civitelli said. But you need to gather your information in an "emotionally intelligent" way. Don't badger your boss about whether a certain action will get you a 5 instead of a 4 on your review -- it makes you seem more concerned about your evaluation than about helping the company. Civitelli說：“你一定要了解公司的工作流程”。但是，你需要“聰明地”收集資訊。不要總問老闆某個行爲會讓你的考評得“5等”還是“4等”——這會讓你看上去更關心績效評估而不是怎樣幫公司做到更好。
* Make your case in writing. 寫份書面材料
Many times you'll be asked to fill out a self-assessment before your review. If that's not part of your company's process, it's still a good idea to write a summary of your achievements for your boss before the review. 很多時候，公司會要求你在考覈前填寫自我評估。如果這不是你公司流程一部分，在年終績效考覈前寫一份業績總結報告也是一個好辦法。
"There's an art to doing that," Civitelli said. "You don't want to be too apologetic, but you also don't want it to appear that you've never thought about anything to improve on." Civitell說：“這是一門藝術。你不想表現得太謙虛；但也不希望看上去從來沒有考慮過還有任何提高的方面。”
Phillips suggests that any time you mention a weakness, "say what you are doing about it." Phillips建議任何時候提及一個弱點，“都要說自己正在採取措施。”