摘 要：自從1995年，第1個證券網上銀行的建立，這是當時唯1的在美國建立的銀行，網上銀行做爲銀行業的融資方式在90年代中後期發展迅速。然而在21世紀初，網上銀行的發展速度開始減慢，而其中的'1些銀行被收購，更糟糕的是網上銀行的盈利難以計算與預測。本文首先主要利用經濟學模型研究了網上銀行的產生和發展過程，討論了其得以發展的優勢。其次，闡述了這些優勢因何未能得到充分發揮，對當前網上銀行的發展陷入的幾個困境。再次，分析了在當前不利的情況下，網上銀行繼續發展的必要性，運用經濟學理論，對網上銀行進行優勢、困境與前景的分析。第4，分析網上銀行的發展對策及前景。第5，討論了中國內地網上銀行的現狀及其發展。最後給出了建議。
關鍵詞：網上銀行；優勢；困境；前景
Essay on Advantage、Shortage and Prospect of On-line-only Bank
Abstracts: Since in 1995， Security First Net Bank， the first on-line bank and also the first on-line-only bank， was founded in United States， on-line bank as the newest method of finance creation in the banking industry has developed rapidly in the middle and later 1990s. However， at the beginning of 21st century， the speed of on-line banks development has started to slow down. Some on-line-only banks have been purchased by traditional banks. And even worse， the profit of on-line banks seems to be more and more unpredictable. There are totally five chapters in this thesis. The first chapter introduces the definition of the on-line bank，; the background of its creation and development， and its current status， financial products and development models. The second chapter analyses the advantages of on-line banks. Through the comparison between traditional banks and on-line banks， the advantages of on-line banks are analysed. The advantages are mainly showed in the following three aspects， first， low cost of operation; second， convenient， rapid and personalized services; third， the payment method， including electronic money， provides higher speed and lower cost of currency transition. The third chapter does research on the difficulties that the on-line banks are currently facing. Since the on-line banks have so many advantages as mentioned above， how can they have been purchased by some traditional banks instead of taking place of them as someone has predicted. For example， the first on-line only bank in the world， Security First Bank in USA was purchased by Canadian Royal Bank at the end of 1990s. This chapter introduced the difficulties that on-line banks are currently facing， and the reasons leading to it. The fourth chapter predicts the future of on-line banks. This chapter mainly tells the necessity of its continuous development and raised some resolutions to its difficulties. Moreover， it is pointed out that its development trend will not stop， and its future is promising. The fifth chapter tells the current status of on-line banks in China mainland， and its future development and suggestions accordingly. The on-line banks in China mainland started a little later， and though rapidly developed， but are still in the preliminary stage， its advantages have not been fully used. They are not only facing the difficulties that other on-line banks are facing， but also have its specific problems on development. Finally， the suggestions are given.
Key Words: On-line Bank； Advantage；Shortage ； Prospect
