A想對 I employed someone to do something for me(我僱用了某人爲我做事)這一類句子作更簡潔的表達時,可以用這種結構:即不說 I employed someone to clean my car,而說 I had my car cleaned(我叫人擦了車子)。又如不說 I got a man to sweep my chimneys(這裏got= paid/persuaded等),而說I had my chimneys swept(我叫人通了煙囪)。
注意必須用have+賓語+過去分詞,否則意思就變了:
He had his hair cut.
他理了發。相當於:
He employed someone to do it.
他僱人理髮。
但是:
He had cut his hair.(過去完成時)
他自己理了發。(在說話之前的某個時刻他自己給自己理了發)
have這樣用時,其否定式和疑問式的現在時和過去時都要用
do來構成:
-Do you have your windows cleaned evny month?
-I don’t have them cleaned;I clean them myself.
-你每月都要叫人擦窗戶嗎?
-我不叫別人擦,我自己擦。
He was talking about having central heating put in.Did he have it put in in the end?
他那會兒總說要找人裝暖氣。到底裝上了沒有?
這種結構可以用於進行時態:
I can’t ask you to dinner this week as I am having my house painted at the moment.
這一週我不能請你來吃飯了,因爲現在我正讓人刷房子呢。
While I was having my hair done the police towed away my car.
The house is too small and he is having a room built on.
房子太小了,他正叫人添蓋一個房間。
get能夠像have一樣用於上述句中,但更口語化。句中提到完成動作的那個人的時候,也可以用get:
She got him to dig away the snow.
她讓他把雪挖走。(她僱/說服他……)