在美國房屋交易過程中，因爲房屋交易合約已經完全格式化，我們需要重點關注哪些關鍵點呢?
美國房產合同要注意的七大關鍵點
第一，交易價格
通常在Offer過程中，買賣雙方都可能對價格做出讓步，互相妥協，方能達成相互認可的交易價格。當然，也有很多一口價，即賣家開價就是最終成交價格。
第二，移除房屋檢查條款。
這一條標準合約通常是17天，但是可以根據交易週期進行調整，筆者在交易過程中最短有縮爲三天。即在17天或者三天內完成房屋檢查，也即在17天或者三天內，買家可以後悔退出交易。達到17天或者三天，買家如果選擇交易繼續，必須書面移除後悔條款，也即買家不能以房屋質量等問題爲由退出交易了。
第三，移除貸款交易條件。
標準合約通常是21天，但是筆者在交易過程中，通常會要求三十天，這樣會給買家申請辦理貸款充足的時間。如果在規定時間內，貸款被拒絕，買家可以退回訂金，安全退出交易。
第四，完成交易時間。
也即關閉公證行時間，通常在45天。
會根據客戶資金情況，適當要求延長或者縮短。貸款交易時間相對較長，現金交易，筆者最短一週時間完成全部交易。
第五，關注附加條款。
在Offer過程中，如果賣家有特別要求，通常會在附加條款中出現。
比如，移除貸款條件，通常需要買家書面回覆。但是賣家爲了防止買家拖延時間，有時會加註一條，在貸款規定時間內，不論買家拒絕或者同意，都必須及時提供書面通知，否則視爲買家同意，不得退出交易，違約將沒收訂金。
第六，房屋檢查狀況及白蟻蟲害狀況。
房屋檢查結束後，會有一個圖文並茂的檢查報告。買家通常會要求賣家根據檢查報告，修復房屋存在的問題。
一般房屋都有白蟻蟲害狀況，根據房齡大小，程度不一。在交易完成前，賣家都必須進行查殺，並有相關報告檔案。
第七，房屋告知檔案。
賣家需要將房屋相關狀況，即涉及房屋地質災害、房屋是否發生自然或者非自然死亡事件等，賣家必須如實告知買家，否則將視爲欺詐。
美國房屋交易合約，經歷百年發展，已經非常完善。格式化合約，充分考慮到買賣雙方的利益。當然，從規則上，更多側重保護買家的.利益。告知義務、詐欺條款與產權保險，保證買家只要按規則行事，不會買到問題房。違背規則，比如找賣方經紀直接交易，可能因小失大。
拓展閱讀：美國房產合同範本
房屋租賃合同 Tenanacy Contract
1.出租方----(以下簡稱甲方) landlord----(hereinafter referred to as Party A)
地址----
Addree----
電話----
tel----
2.承租方----(以下簡稱乙方) Tenant---- (hereinafter referred to as Party B)
地址------
Address----
電話----
tel----
3.租賃物業 Premlses
甲方同意將__________單位及其設備在良好狀態下租給乙方,租賃面積統計約_____平方米.
Party A hereby agrees to lease----in clean and tenantable condition to Party B, the size of the leased dremises being approximate----squire meters.
4.租賃期 Tenancy
租賃期爲___年,自_____年__月__日至_____年__月__日,租賃期第一年內雙方不能停止合同, 第二年雙方如需退租,應提前二個月,以書面形式通知對方方能解約.
The premises is hereby leased for a term of ----years commenciny on ----and expiring on her Party A nor Party B can terminate the contract in the first year of tenancy , in the secong year , shall any party wish to stop the contract . the intiate party shall give the other party two months prior written notice.
5.租金 Rent
A.租金每月爲_____元整
The monthly rent is_____
B.租金以_____爲單位, 租金應以現金或支票支付,當甲方或甲方委託人每月收到乙方租金後,當立即發回收據予乙方.租金必須於每月__號前支付.
The rent is payable in ----by cash or check. Party A (or A’s representative)shall issue a receipt to Party B upon receiving the rent . The rent must be paid before or on the ----day of each month.
6.押金 Deposit
A.本合同簽訂後__天內, 乙方應向甲方繳付__個月租金額做爲押金,合計爲__
Party B must pay to Party A----months rent as deposit for a total of ----of ----within ----days upon the contract signed.
B.在租賃期屆滿後,乙方付清該物業租賃期內的一切費用,並且將該物業交還於甲方後的十四天內,甲方應將押金無息返還給乙方.
On the completion of the contract, Party A shall return the deposit without interest to Party B within 14 days as long as Party B has paid off all outstanding fees in the tenanty period and returned the premises to Party A.
C. 乙方如違反合同規定,致使甲方未能如期收取租金或對於出租物業造成損壞,甲方可扣留部分或全部押金抵付.
If Party B breaches any Party of this contract. such as not paying the rent punctually, or if party B causes damange to the leased premises, Party A has the right to retain part or all of the deposit in compensation.
7.費用 Charges
A. 租賃期內的管理費用由__方負責支付.
The management fee shall be paid by_____.
B,租賃期內之水,電,煤氣費,電話費及有線電視費等.每月根據實際用量結算,由__方按單繳付.
Charges for water, elctricity , gas , telephone and cable TV are payable by -monthly to the relative bureau according to bills received.
8.甲方的責任 Landlord’s responsbilities
A.租賃期內甲方不得無故收回房屋,甲方如有違約,應退還全部押金及補償壹倍押金給乙方.
Party A is not permitted to take back the leased presises during the tenancy period. If Party A breaches this contract. The deposit will be bouble returned to Party B.
9.乙方的責任 Tenant’s responsbilities
A.乙方如在租賃期內中途退租,在末經得甲方同意下, 原押金不予退還.
If Party B vacates the premises before completion of the tenancy period without any permission of Party A , the deposit will not be returned to Party B.
B.租賃期內末經甲方同意, 乙方不能將其所租物業全部或部分轉租,私自轉租無效.
During the period of tenancy , unless with the agreement of Party A, Party B can not sub-let or let in part or if full the leased premises.
C.乙方應愛護租賃物業及其設備,如因使用不當導致損壞,乙方應負責賠償.
Party B shall take care of the premises and the facilities of the premisese and shall be responsible for any damages to the premises or the facilitics of the premises owning to the resons of Party B.
D.在已有房內的裝飾和設施之外,乙方如要增加設備或其他裝修徵得甲方同意;租賃期滿必須恢復原狀,並承擔其費用,經甲方驗收認可後歸還甲.
In additon to the decoration and equipment already in the premises , if Party B wishes to make any alterations or decoration to the premises, Party B shall get consent from Party A, On completion of the tenancy, Party B must hand-over the premises to Party A in its origineal condition and fees arising from such work and to be borne by Party B.
10.爭議的解決 Arbitration
凡執行本合同或與合同有關的爭議,由雙方友好協商解決,協商不成, 提請中國有關經濟合同仲裁機構調解,調解不成, 提請中國有關經濟合同仲裁機關仲裁.
In the case of disputes arising over this agreement, the two parties shall negotiate in friendly marmer and in good faitb;In failed, shall submit to China Related Economic Contract Arbitrated Bureau to mediate or arbitrate.
11.其他 Others
A.本合同如有末盡事宜, 由甲乙雙方洽談解決.
If the contract remain some unperfercted parts, the two parties shall negotiate in peace.
B.本合同自簽署之日生效,甲乙雙方各執一份參照.
This contract is effective after both parties making their signatives, each party keeps one copy for reference.
C.如有爭議,以此合同中方爲準.
In case of dispute, the chinese version of the contract shall prevail.
甲方:
Party A:
簽署:
Signed by:
日期:
Date:
乙方:
Party B:
簽署:
Signed by:
日期:
Date: