1. In the idealized version of how science is done, facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use the scientific method to carry out their work.
譯文：在"科學研究如何開展"的理想化模式中，世界真相正等待着以科學的.方法開展工作的研究者們去觀察和收集，2017考研英語9年真題超精長難句（5）。
2. Within the complex social structure of the scientific community, researchers make discoveries; editors and reviewers act as gatekeepers by controlling the publication process; other scientists use the new finding to suit their own purposes; and finally, the public (including other scientists) receives the new discovery and possibly accompanying technology.
譯文：在科學界這個複雜的社會結構中，研究者做出發現；編輯和評審者控制發現的發表過程以扮演看門人的角色；其他科學家則使用這一新發現來滿足自己需要；最後，公衆（包括其他科學家）接受這個新發現及其可能隨之而來的技術，考研英語《2017考研英語9年真題超精長難句（5）》。
3. As a discovery claim works it through the community, the interaction and confrontation between shared and competing beliefs about the science and the technology involved transforms an individual's discovery claim into the community's credible discovery.
譯文：在發現聲明透過科學界的逐級審查之時，與該科技相容或相抗的理念會相互作用、相互對抗，將個體的研究發現轉變爲科學界的可信發現。
4. Not surprisingly, newly published discovery claims and credible discoveries that appear to be important and convincing will always be open to challenge and potential modification or refutation by future researchers.
譯文：不足爲奇的是，貌似重要且令人信服的新發表的發現聲明和可信發現總是面對後來研究者的質疑、修改、甚至推翻。