Abstract
Euphemism is a popular language phenomenon in human language. For a long time, it has been an important part of study for many scholars from different aspects. Factually, euphemism originated from taboo. In the communication across cultures, we cant avoid meeting euphemisms and taboos. To Chinese people, it is very important to learn to use euphemism correctly and properly, so this paper analyzes its structures and characteristics. Then, this paper compares euphemism and taboo language of Chinese and English. By studying this language phenomenon, we cannot only improve our ability of comprehension, but also learn colorful culture and worldly wisdom of different society and communicate with foreigners freely and comfortably.
Key words: taboo；euphemism；structures；
fuzzy communicational function；language phenomenon
摘 要
委婉語的使用是人類語言的1種普遍現象，1直以來被許多學者研究，並且取得了很大成效。委婉語的產生大都是從禁忌開始的，當人們不原意說出禁忌的'事物而又不得不指明時，他們就會用動聽的詞來代替。不同的文化存在不同的禁忌語，因而也產生了不同的委婉語。本文從語用學的角讀度探討了英語委婉語的4項模糊交際功能：準確判斷與模糊評估、含蓄勸告與溫和建義、模糊說明、溶恰情感關係等。根據其特點和功能，本文着重從社會職業、社會現象、日常生活和交際等方面探討了不同文化背景下禁忌語、委婉語的對比。透過研究這種語言現象及事態人情，以使我們在交際和閱讀中能更準確掌握其功能，從而消除因不同語言而形成的理解上的障礙，進行自如流暢的交流，使交際更加得體有效。
關鍵詞：禁忌語；委婉語；構造方式；模糊交際功能；語言現象
