學術論文是科學或者社會研究工作者在學術書籍或學術期刊上刊登的呈現自己研究成果的文章，以下是小編蒐集整理的英國碩士畢業論文寫作指導，供大家閱讀參考。
一篇論文是一篇獨立的研究，對你所選擇的主題進行研究。這一研究是由你們單獨完成的，在講座和研討會的形式以及導師的指導下進行的。本論文爲您提供了自主學習和自我發展的機會，並在一系列的學科和經驗的基礎上部署解決問題的技能。它讓學生有機會深入調查研究一個專門的方面，並表現出的分析，綜合和評價的`技能。
As noted above, a dissertation is an independent piece of research that you carry out on a topic chosen by you. The research is carried out by you alone, with support in the form of lectures and workshops as well as guidance from your supervisor. The dissertation offers you the opportunity to exercise autonomous learning and self-development, and to deploy problem-solving skills across a range of disciplines and experiences. It gives students the opportunity to investigate in depth a specialised aspect of communications studies and demonstrate skills of analysis, synthesis and evaluation.
While every dissertation is a unique piece of work, the following sections are usually included.
Introductory section導言部分
該研究的研究方向。什麼是研究原理，什麼是組織或背景，爲什麼要進行這項研究，什麼是它的意義?論文的研究範圍和侷限性應得到肯定。至關重要的是你的問題的目的和目標作出了什麼明確決定。
This should contextualise the research. What is the research rationale, what is the organisational or contextual background, why should this research be undertaken, and what is its significance? There should be an acknowledgement of the scope and limitations of the dissertation. It is critical that your question, aims and objectives are made explicit.
Literature Review文獻綜述
The literature review provides the theoretical background to the dissertation, including a demonstration of why this literature is relevant to your specific aim. It is absolutely vital that this chapter is a critical evaluation and discussion of the relevant literature and its theoretical roots, and not merely a list of ‘who said what’ in an attempt to demonstrate how much you have read. You should demonstrate an understanding of the current thinking in the relevant discipline, as well as an appreciation of where the gaps in the literature are in relation to your question. Keep in mind that in later sections you will be discussing your findings and how they relate to the literature – in this sense the literature review frames your analysis.
Methodology 方法論
This should be an explanation and evaluation of your underlying philosophical approach to the research and the chosen methodology. You need to explain why your chosen approach is appropriate to your question and how it will inform the nature and quality of the findings and conclusions. Similarly the selection of particular methods and techniques should be evaluated in terms of how appropriate they are for this research. Advantages and limitations of the approach used should be discussed. You should include:
• Decisions made about the data required for the study (What types of data did you collect? What was your sample? Why?)
• The instruments used for their collection (interviews, focus groups, documentary analysis etc.)
• How the data was collected (where, when, what format)
• The researcher-participant relationship
• Ethical considerations relating to the method and how these were managed
• Limitations of the methods used and how these were taken into account
Findings 結果
本章(或一系列的章節)以一個清晰且有焦點的方式呈現研究結果。牢記這一點的研究的目的。你開始的過程中，提出你的問題，你設定自己的目標。還記得你的倫理義務：這項發現應該以一種保護脆弱的參與者的方式來表現，這是相關的。
This chapter (or series of chapters) presents the research findings in a clear and focused manner. Keep in mind the aim of the research at this point. You are beginning the process of presenting your answer to the question you set yourself in the aim. Remember also your ethical obligations: the findings should be presented in a way that protects vulnerable participants where relevant.
Discussion and Analysis討論與分析
研究結果及其分析與討論可以結合起來。在討論和分析，你思考和綜合你的結果關係到你的文學批評的評價發現了什麼。這就是你清晰的地方，以一個專注和結構化的方式，展示你的主要發現和文學主題之間的關係。你必須展示你的論文有助於當前的思維在相關學科，也許可以透過確認或反駁，先前已經發現。本次討論中所固有的，將是一個承認的邊界，您的研究和它的全面性的侷限性。
應該有一些結論性意見，以討論，繪製出主要的主題，從合成的主要數據，並進行二次研究，你進行。
The presentation of findings and their analysis and discussion can be combined. In the discussion and analysis, you reflect on and synthesise your findings in relation to what you found in your critical evaluation of the literature. This is where you clearly, and in a focused and structured way, show the relationship between your primary findings and the themes from the literature. You must show how your dissertation contributes to current thinking in the relevant discipline, perhaps by confirming or contradicting that which has been found previously. Inherent in this discussion will be an acknowledgement of the boundaries of your research and the limitations to its comprehensiveness.
There should be some concluding comments to this discussion, drawing out the main themes that emerge from the synthesis of your primary data and the secondary research you conducted.
Conclusions結論
This is where you conclude the entire work. Firstly you would need to answer the question or aim that you set yourself. In addition you need to reflect on the process of the research, highlighting where you might have done things differently to improve the dissertation by, for example, using alternative methods or attempting to neutralise any bias you may have brought to the process. You might like also to reflect on any ethical issues or difficulties that arose from your relationship with the organisation or subjects being studied. Finally, conclusions to research almost always include recommendations for further enquiry.