短文改錯是對語言知識綜合運用能力的考查，檢測考生發現、判斷、糾正文章錯誤的能力，進而考查學生的詞法、句法及行文邏輯等方面的水平。題目一般都設計的比較靈活，知識層次多，覆蓋面廣。改錯詞是其最主要的形式，約佔60%，是考查的重點。下面是小編收集整理的大學英語短文改錯技巧，希望對您有所幫助！
知識點分佈
詞法上：
①詞的時態、語態、非謂語動詞及情態動詞的用法等；
②名詞、代詞的數、格；
③形容詞、副詞的比較等級；
④主謂語一致及其他的一致關係；
⑤連詞、關係詞的使用等。
句法上：
主要涉及簡單句否定、疑問、倒裝、省略、替代等變化。
行文邏輯上：
主要涉及人物的性別及與之相對應的物主代詞、句義的並列與轉折、時間的順序、數量的增減以及因果的倒置等。
解題步驟
1.通讀全文，瞭解大意
2.透過閱讀全文，從宏觀上把握文章的主旨、時態、人稱，做到心中有數。
3.逐句推敲，仔細審查
4.仔細閱讀每個句子，從語法角度審查
5.重讀全文，完善答案
6.改完後對全文進行重新回顧，檢查已修改的部分是否符合語法邏輯等。
檢查對象
1. 句中各部分的結構是否完整，特別是每個句子要有動詞；
2. 謂語動詞的時態、語態；
3. 非謂語動詞的用法；
4. 名詞的單、複數，格的使用是否正確；
5. 定冠詞和不定冠詞是否正確；
6. 代詞的格和性的使用是否有誤；
7. 定語從句中關係代詞、關係副詞是否準確無誤；
8. 並列句中的並列連詞、主從複合句中的從屬連詞用的是否得當。
從語法角度審查
1. 檢視時態是否一致
My favorite sport is football. I was a member of our football team.
全文都是用的一般現在時，此句中的was顯然與上下文語境不符，應改爲am。
2. 檢視主謂是否一致
Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them.
cost應改爲costs，因其主語是it(爲形式主語)，且上下文均爲一般現在時。
3. 查指代是否一致
The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.
句中的主語the Smiths表的是Smith一家人，因此指示代詞his應改爲their。
4. 查平行結構是否平行一致
由and, or, but, ..., ..., not also..., as well as等並列連詞和詞組連接的結構可稱爲平行結構。
It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.
句中的drove顯然與and前面的to meet不平行，應改爲drive。
5. 查名詞的`單複數與修飾詞語或上下文是否一致
We study quite a few subject, such as Maths, Chinese...
quite a few 只能修飾複數名詞，故subject應改爲subjects。
6. 查行文邏輯是否一致
Most people can quickly get help from a doctor or go to a hospital sincethey are ill.
根據行文邏輯，這裏不該由since來引導原因狀語從句，而應是when / whenever或if來引導時間或條件狀語從句。
常見錯誤類型
1. 謂語動詞的錯誤是歷年考試的重點和熱點
常見動詞錯誤類型：
①一般現在時與一般過去時錯用
②and前後動詞時態不一致；
③主謂不一致；
④缺少動詞，特別是be動詞；
⑤第三人稱單數形式錯用；
⑥主動語態和被動語態錯用。
They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies. (did改爲do，錯誤類型屬於①)
As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. (visiting改爲visited，錯誤類型屬於②)
One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out. (was改爲were，錯誤類型屬於③)
There will an important game next month. (will後加be，錯誤類型屬於④)
2.名詞的常見錯誤：單複數名詞錯用，可數名詞與不可數名詞錯用
I’ll get good marks in all my subject. (subject改爲subjects)
Their word were a great encouragement to me. (word改爲words)
Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well. (knowledges改爲knowledge)
3.冠詞錯誤：誤用a和an（根據單詞的第一個音素來判定）；誤用a/an和the（固定搭配，或泛指、特指；多冠詞或少冠詞）
We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a改爲the，the same是固定搭配)
As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of pants. (mountain是可數名詞需用冠詞，所以其前加a)
I hope you have pleasant journey. (journey是可數名詞，故have後加a)
4.形容詞和副詞錯誤：系動詞（am/is/are/was/were/become/go）和感官性動詞（smell/feel）後用形容詞；詞性的誤用（形容詞修飾名詞；副詞修飾動詞和形容詞）。
I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (time是名詞，要用形容詞wonderful修飾)
My pronunciation was terribly. (was後用形容詞，terribly改爲terrible)
5. 代詞錯誤：代詞的主賓格（I/me；he/him；she/her；we/us；they/them）錯誤；反身代詞（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）使用錯誤；代詞的單數和複數使用錯誤；代詞指代錯誤；多代詞或少代詞。
Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express mein simple English. (me改爲myself)
One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (to前加it)
If anyone of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out. (other後加-s)
What’s more, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care ofhim. (him改爲them)
6. 非謂語動詞的常見錯誤：不定式、動名詞作主語、賓語時；and連接的不定式或動名詞前後不一致；介詞後用動名詞形式作賓語；某些動詞後要求接動名詞或不定式。
Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper. (enjoy後需接動名詞，talk改爲talking)
But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports. (go作主語，應改爲going)
Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. (介詞後用動名詞形式作賓語，read改爲reading)
I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. (and連接的動名詞前後不一致，故saw改爲seeing)
7. 介詞錯誤：詞組中的介詞誤用；介詞意思理解偏差；介詞的多用或少用。
There are too many people among my family. (among改爲in，in my family爲固定搭配)
I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. (去掉at，the moment引導從句)
注意：
1.切忌改動原文的意思，一定要在看懂原文的基礎上改錯。
2.橫線上改正後的單詞一定要注意拼寫正確，書寫的清晰工整。
3.注重平時的積累，貴在堅持。