在路由器的故障分析中,Ping命令是一個常見而實用的網絡管理工具,用這種工具可以測試端到端的連通性,即檢查源端到目的端網絡是否通暢。下面是本站小編整理的透過Ping排除路由器故障的相關知識,希望對你有幫助!
在路由器上Ping返回符號的含義如下表所示:
符號 描述
! 收到一個響應。
. 在等待時,網絡服務器超時。
U 目標無法到達,受到錯誤的PDU。
Q 源消失(目標設備太忙)。
M 數據無法分割。
? 包類型未知。
& 報的有效期過了。
在路由器上無法Ping通一個地址的原因有很多種,譬如線路故障,對方路由器的接口沒有起來,路由器的路由表中沒有該地址的'路由資訊等等都會造成網絡無法Ping通。
實例:
網絡結構如(圖1)示。
Router1#Ping Type escape sequence to ing 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to , timeout is 2 seconds:ess rate is 0 percent (0/5)在Router1上無法Ping通Router4的接口,透過使用DEBUG命令來獲得更多的資訊,便於進一步的分析:Router1#debug ip packetIP packet debugging is onRouter1#Ping Type escape sequence to ing 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to , timeout is 2 seconds:5d21h: IP: s= (local), d=, Len 100, unroutable.5d21h: IP: s= (local), d=, Len 100, unroutable.……Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) |
Router1#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/er1(config)#ip route Serial0/0然後,再在Router1上使用Ping:Router1#Ping Type escape sequence to ing 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to , timeout is 2 seconds:cess rate is 0 percent (0/5)6d03h: IP: s= (local), d= (Serial0/0), Len 100, sending6d03h: ICMP type=8, code=06d03h: IP: s= (Serial0/0), d= (Serial0/0), Len 56, rcvd 36d03h: ICMP type=3, code=1…… |
Router2#21:56:04: IP: s= (Serial1), d=, Len 100, unroutable21:56:04: ICMP type=8, code=021:56:04: IP: s= (local), d= (Serial1), Len 56, sending21:56:04: ICMP type=3, code=1…… |
Router2#router ripnetwork network Router3#router ripnetwork network 然後,在Router1上Ping Router4的接口:Router1#Ping Type escape sequence to ing 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to , timeout is 2 seconds:5d21h: IP: s= (local), d= (Serial0/0), Len 100, sending.5d21h: IP: s= (local), d= (Serial0/0), Len 100, sending.……Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) |
Router4#6d23h: IP: s= (Serial0/0), d= (Serial0/0), Len 100, rcvd 36d23h: IP: s= (local), d=, Len 100, unroutable…… |
Router4(config)#ip route Serial0/0